Change Data Capture (CDC) is one of those concepts that seems deceptively simple: Just capture the changes But it soon becomes complex once you start implementing at scale. In today’s world of streaming analytics, real-time machine learning, and event-driven microservices,…
In database systems, ACID – Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability is the cornerstone of transactional reliability. It guarantees that operations are safe, corruption-free, and recoverable. Yet, as data storage models evolve toward massive scale, distributed systems, and analytics workloads, new…
In data modeling, as in life, the answer to many questions is “it depends.” Should you denormalize your dimensions into simple star schemas or normalize them into snowflake schemas? The starflake schema says: why choose? Do both, where each makes…
Streaming data systems and relational databases each offer immense value. Streaming excels at delivering low-latency, real-time insights; relational databases give strong consistency, rich transactional guarantees, and mature tooling. Yet, integrating these worlds without sacrificing usability or correctness has long been…
This is a notoriously challenging problem in the realm of data management. But why is it hard? It’s just dates and times. Data with timestamps is everywhere. Server logs record when events occurred. Sensors capture measurements at regular intervals. Financial…
Every piece of data in your system has a temperature, whether you’ve thought about it that way or not. Some data is accessed constantly, queried hundreds of times per second, requiring millisecond response times. Other data sits mostly untouched, accessed…
When you run a modern database like Cassandra, RocksDB, or ScyllaDB, there’s a good chance it’s powered by a Log-Structured Merge Tree (LSM Tree). This data structure is built for one thing above all else: High-throughput writes at scale What…
Normalization (and it’s inverse, renormalization) is one of the foundational concepts in relational database design. It’s a systematic process of organizing data to reduce redundancy, eliminate anomalies, and ensure data integrity. Understanding normal forms is essential for any database professional,…
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